NAD+, or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is a molecule that is used for metabolism by the human body. The body also uses NAD+ to help in repairing DNA - our genetic code. In humans, NAD+ is created using amino acids - namely tryptophan and aspartic acid. One of the precursors and another significant molecule in anti-aging research is nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN).
This molecule is actually found in every living organism, which shows why it's of such high interest to scientists and researchers.
Benefits of NAD+
Researchers on aging have been able to link NAD+ to the aging process. There is current evidence to suggest that NAD+ levels decline as we age. A decline in NAD+ levels has been associated with a decline in cognitive function and an increase in the risk for developing chronic diseases.
Growing interest has been shown in the possible anti-aging effects of NAD+ supplementation in recent years. Research showing that raising NAD+ levels can aid in reducing some of the detrimental consequences of aging . Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that supplementing with NAD+ can promote DNA repair, decrease inflammation, and improve mitochondrial function.
One of the most promising applications of NAD+ in the field of anti-aging is its ability to activate sirtuins, a family of proteins that play a crucial role in regulating cellular metabolism and promoting longevity. Sirtuins are activated by several factors, including calorie restriction and exercise, and have demonstrated lifespan extension in various animal models. The direct activation of sirtuins by NAD+ is considered to be a key mechanism through which NAD+ exerts its anti-aging effects.
NAD+ Supplements
Supplementation with NAD+ or its precursors, nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), has been shown to augment NAD+ levels and yield numerous anti-aging benefits. For example, animal studies have demonstrated that NAD+ supplementation can ameliorate mitochondrial function, enhance DNA repair, and reduce inflammation, among other favorable outcomes. Additionally, NAD+ has been found to activate sirtuins, a family of proteins responsible for modulating cellular metabolism and promoting longevity.
It should be noted that although animal studies have provided promising results, the available evidence from human trials remains limited. Nevertheless, preliminary clinical studies have shown some positive outcomes. For example, a study published in the journal Nature Communications in 2019 reported that the administration of NMN for a period of two months yielded improvements in various markers of cardiovascular health in middle-aged and older adults. Another study, published in the journal Science in 2020, found that NR supplementation improved muscle function in older adults.
Currently, NAD+ is available for purchase as a dietary supplement in the United States. In addition to NAD+, you could also purchase one of the precursors, such as nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). There are also clinics and physicians who offer intravenous (IV) therapy where NAD+ is injected directly into the bloodstream.
That being said, there are still many unanswered questions about the risks and benefits of supplementation with NAD+. There is currently not enough data on the long-term safety and efficacy of NAD+ supplementation, and it's still not known what the optimal dosage or duration of treatment should be. Therefore, if you're considering taking some NAD+ supplements, you might want to consult with a healthcare provider first.
Conclusion
In conclusion, further investigation is required to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying the anti-aging effects of NAD+. Nevertheless, mounting evidence supports the notion that NAD+ supplementation may serve as a viable strategy to promote healthy aging and ameliorate age-related health conditions.
